{"id":582,"date":"2023-08-31T11:31:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-31T18:31:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/infolit\/?page_id=582"},"modified":"2026-06-10T13:36:21","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T20:36:21","slug":"apa7","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/apa7\/","title":{"rendered":"APA 7 citation style"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Use APA citation style when writing for business, social sciences, health, and education fields. The <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\">official guide<\/a> is published by the American Psychological Association. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The full book can be found by visiting a librarian or available for check-out in the Stacks (<a href=\"https:\/\/sbctc-whatcomctc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?&amp;context=L&amp;vid=01STATEWA_WHATCC:WHATCOM&amp;search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&amp;tab=Everything&amp;docid=alma99767614102827\">BF 76.7<strong> .<\/strong>P83 2020<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Reference list citation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">APA reference list entries contain four main components:  author, date, title, and source.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Author. (Date). <em>Title<\/em>. Source.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many authors collaborate on publications. APA style allows you to list up to\u00a0<strong>20 authors<\/strong>\u00a0for a source in the references list.  List by last name and first initial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">Smith, J., Jones, B. E., Brown, K. E., Doe, J., Chan, L., Garcia, S. M., ... Zhang, Z. Z. (Date). Title. Source.<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Introduction to Citation Styles: APA 7th ed.\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_fVv2Jt0o18?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. In-text citation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">APA format generally requires the author-date method of citation. If there is one or two authors, list names (Smith, 2019) and (Brown &amp; Jones, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For three or more authors, list the first author&#8217;s name and <strong>et al<\/strong> (Smith et al., 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Formatting your APA style paper<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Titles of papers are in bold with a blank line before your name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>References <\/strong>(page title) in bold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Make a hanging indent for your reference list. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More information at the <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/instructional-aids\/student-title-page-guide.pdf\">APA Style: Student Title Page Guide<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/paper-format\/sample-papers\">Sample  papers in Word and PDF<\/a> <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.s3.amazonaws.com\/accounts\/181338\/images\/hanging-indent.gif\" alt=\"A gif showing how to make a Hanging Word indent in Word\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:41px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Frequently used sources:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Books and eBooks<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">Samanez-Larkin, G. R. (Ed.). (2019). <em>The aging brain: Functional adaptation across adulthood<\/em>. American Psychological Association. https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org:443\/PsycBOOKS\/toc\/16123<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-custom-beige-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sacred texts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\"><em>The Bhagavad Gita<\/em>. (E. Easwaran, Trans.; 2nd ed.). (2007). The Blue Mountain Center of Meditation.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\"><em>King James Bible<\/em>. (2017). King James Bible Online. https:\/\/www.kingjamesbibleonline.org\/ (Original work published 1769)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:43px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"APA: Citing Books &amp; eBooks\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/380025768?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:32px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Journal articles                                 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">Zhao, W., Garcia-Oscos, F., Dinh, D., &amp; Roberts, T. F. (2019). Inception of memories that guide vocal learning in the songbird. <em>Science, 366<\/em>(6461), 83\u201389. https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.aaw4226<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a journal article does not have a DOI, end the citation  after the page numbers. If an article is open access,  you may choose to link directly to the article&#8217;s full text.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">Derry, K. (2018). Myth and monstrosity: Teaching indigenous films. <em>Journal of Religion &amp; Film, 22<\/em>(3), Article 7. https:\/\/digitalcommons.unomaha.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=2013&amp;context=jrf<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:70px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"APA: Citing Journal Articles\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/379818674?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Magazine and newspaper articles                                 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Include a URL if it goes to the full text for free. Note the newspaper or magazine title is italicized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">Gibson, J. (2019, October 9). SF College zoo works to become more inclusive. <em>The Gainesville Sun<\/em>. https:\/\/www.gainesville.com\/story\/news\/local\/2019\/10\/09\/sf-college-zoo-works-to-become-more-inclusive\/2570723007\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:32px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Webpages\n                                <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Include the name  of the website unless it is the same as the author. Italicize the name  of the webpage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">Corcodilos, N. (n.d.). <em>Keep your salary under wraps<\/em>. Ask the Headhunter. https:\/\/www.asktheheadhunter.com\/keep-salary-wraps<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. (2010, February 1). <em>Facing down PTSD, vet is now soaring high<\/em>. https:\/\/www.mentalhealth.va.gov\/index.asp<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:70px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"APA: Citing Web Resources\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/379765950?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Class materials                                 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the audience for the paper being  written can access materials like those in your class, these  can be included in the references list.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted apa-reference\">Matthews, D. (2019). [Lecture notes on evaluating  Internet resources]. Canvas at Whatcom Community College.  <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Use APA citation style when writing for business, social sciences, health, and education fields. The official guide is published by the American Psychological Association. The full book can be found by visiting a librarian or available for check-out in the Stacks (BF 76.7 .P83 2020) 1. Reference list citation APA reference list entries contain four [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[347],"tags":[333,334],"class_list":["post-582","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-tutorials","tag-apa","tag-citation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=582"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20305,"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/582\/revisions\/20305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/librarywp.whatcom.edu\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}